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Home Solutions 1. Discuss the nature and type of information required at each level of decision making within a typical organization hierarchy.
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Instructions:
1. Project Assignment Outline
A typical hierarchical business will have three (3) broad levels of organizational decision-making from the top to the bottom. Each organizational level exhibits different information requirements characteristics in terms of the decision timeframes, certainty, risk, responsiveness, information structure and application of technology. These decision-making levels are characterized by information systems that are different in design and composition because of the level-specific goals of the information systems at each level of the hierarchy. The decision-making levels are highly significant in terms of system thinking, since the purpose of processing data is to produce information for decision making.
Link this to the various Information systems used by organizations such as Transaction Processing, Management Information and Executive Decision Support systems.
1 Operational information
2 tactical information
3 strategic information
Consider how such sources of information may be extracted from the environment and how reliable these information sources are.
Internal sources e.g. stock level or inventory level, database - - required by the lower level management
External sources e.g. economics outlook of a country - required by the highest level of management - more for planning purpose
Primary sources of information
Secondary sources of information
Tertiary sources of information
Discuss the granularity aspects of information for the different levels of management in an organization.
4. Are these desirable characteristics different at each level or are there any common desirable characteristics?
What is the significance of detailed versus consolidated data to management at the different levels of management?
S. No :
Qualitative characteristics of information
Lower level
(Operational Level)
Middle Level
(Tactical Level)
Top Level
(Strategic Level)
1
Accurate Information
High
Medium
Low
2
Real- Time Information
3
Historical Information
4
Planning Information
5
Operational Information
6
Summarised Information
7
Detailed Information
8
Current Information
9
10
5. How would you define the importance of decision making at each level of organizational hierarchy?
Discuss the impact of decision making at the various levels (top, middle-, supervisory-levels).
Types of Decisions
Structured Decision
Programmed Decision
Unstructured Decision
Non-programmed Decision
Ill-Defined Decision
Decision that follow established guidelines or policy
Decision that contains many variables
Easy to make decision
Difficult Decision
Control Decision
11
Operation Decision
12
Planning Decision
Add more!!
The assignment should be presented as a short informal report, of around 2000 words in length.. Do not forget page numbers, title, your name, and the quality of the presentation of the assignment. The report should be well referenced and formatted in accordance with the Harvard Referencing system.
Note: Each section does not need to be long, but it does need to demonstrate that you are acquainted with your chosen organization’s business, and have thought about how it works. On the other hand, you are not expected to be an expert on the business – most of the information that you will need to complete this assignment will be found through a combination of looking carefully at your chosen organizations’ websites, lecture notes, textbooks and journal articles).
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